| Somali Civil War | |
|---|---|
| Somalia Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC) | |
| Leaders | Hussein Mohammed Farah Aidid Hasan Muhammad Nur Shatigadud Mohamed Omar Habeb Dhere |
| Clans/Tribes: | Pan-Somali |
| Years active: | 2001–November 2004 |
| Headquarters: | Mogadishu |
| Operating Areas: | Parts of Mogadishu, Southern Somalia |
| Preceded by: | Somali National Alliance (SNA) Rahanweyn Resistance Army (RRA) Independent warlords and clans |
| Succeeded by: | Transitional Federal Government (TFG) |
| Allies: | Ethiopia United States |
| Opponents: | Transitional National Government (TNG) Juba Valley Alliance (JVA) |
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The Somalia Reconciliation and Restoration Council (abbreviated SRRC) was a political movement, as well as an armed militia, founded by Hussein Mohamed Farrah Aidid, son of the late warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid. Growing out of the Somali National Alliance led by Aidid, it was originally founded to oppose the nascent Transitional Federal Government (TNG) and the Juba Valley Alliance (JVA) in the 2001-2004 period, but eventually settled differences with them.
Hussein Aidid, their leader, went on to become a member of the TNG leadership.
Hussein Aidid refused to recognize the newly forming Mogadishu-based Transitional National Government (TNG) of Somalia, the pre-cursor of the present Transitional Federal Government (TFG)[1], accusing it of "harboring militant Islamist sympathizers."[2] Instead he formed the rival Somali Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC) in early 2001.
On May 12, 2001, his forces captured Mogadishu's seaport after a battle with the Suleiman tribe left 19 combatants and 21 civilians dead.[3]
At some time during late 2001, he advised US President George W. Bush that a money transfer and telecommunications company, Al Barakaat, "had ties to terrorists and that there were terrorists in Somalia sympathetic to Osama bin Laden."[3] (Though read the article on Al Barakaat to see the results of investigation.) He also "warned that militant Islamist Pakistani proselytizers were active in Mogadishu and other Somali cities and that they have strong links to Al-Itihad Al-Islami."[2]
The SRRC was allegedly backed by the United States and Ethiopia (see Ethiopian involvement in Somalia) against other factions in the Somali Civil War. On Wednesday, May 15, 2002, Ethiopian soldiers attacked and temporarily captured the border town of Beledhawo with the help of the SRRC after the town had been captured by a rival militia. During the raid, the commander of the rival militia, Colonel Abdirizak Issak Bihi, was captured by the Ethiopian forces and taken across the border to Ethiopia. After the raid, control of the town was turned over to the SRRC.[4]
In June, 2002, warlord Mohamed Dhere supported the SRRC and fought the TNG.[5]
The SRRC battled with the Juba Valley Alliance (JVA) in 2002, resulting in 6,000 refugees fleeing Bulo Hawa. In 2003, there were 15,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) accommodated in Kismayo. Fighting throughout southern and central Somalia resulted in 86,000 IDPs by 2004.[6] Landmines were cited as a problem affecting the area due to the fighting between the JVA and SRRC.[7]
In July 2003, at the Somali National Reconciliation Conference, the SRRC and TNG leadership reached key compromises: "The TNG accepted the number of parliamentarians proposed by the SRRC while the latter approved the inclusion of politicians as requested by the TNG."[8]